[Summary of Qubit Technology with corresponding firms/universities/centres](https://quantumcomputingreport.com/scorecards/qubit-technology/)
## types of Quantum Computers
- superconducting qubits
Google [2019 Google claims to have demonstrated “quantum supremacy” ](https://knowen-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/file/3801/quantum%2Bsupremacy.pdf)
IBM 2019 - [IBM Quantum Update: Q System One Launch, New Collaborators, and QC Center Plans](https://www.hpcwire.com/2019/01/10/ibm-quantum-update-q-system-one-launch-new-collaborators-and-qc-center-plans/)
- ion traps
[IonQ](https://ionq.co/)
- Microsoft
[Microsoft quantum computing scientists have captured a Majorana quasiparticle](https://www.neowin.net/news/microsoft-quantum-computing-scientists-have-captured-a-majorana-quasiparticle/)
[Major(ana) Backpedaling: Microsoft-Backed Quantum Computer Research Retracted](https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-talk/computing/hardware/majorana-microsoft-backed-quantum-computer-research-retracted)
**Controversial evidence for elusive, hypothesized quasiparticles debunked**
- neutral atoms
[Quantum computing with neutral atoms](https://knowen-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/file/2691/QC%2Bwith%2BNeutral%2BAtoms%2B-%2BPhysics%2BToday.pdf) David S. Weiss and Mark Saffman - Physics Today 70, 7, 44 (2017)
[High-fidelity control and entanglement of Rydberg atom qubits](https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.04682)
- atoms
[Quantum Computing: Atomic Clocks Make for LongerLasting Qubits](https://knowen-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/file/2605/Quantum%2BComputing_%2BAtomic%2BClocks%2BMake%2Bfor%2BLonger-Lasting%2BQubits%2B-%2BIEEE%2BSpectrum.pdf)
Cesium atoms and laser traps offer a more robust type of quantum computer
- photon based
[Researchers move closer to practical photonic quantum computing](https://phys.org/news/2019-02-closer-photonic-quantum.html) February 28, 2019
[PsiQ British quantum computing expertsleave for SiliconValley](https://knowen-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/file/3425/British%2Bquantum%2Bcomputing%2Bexperts%2Bleave%2Bfor%2BSilicon%2BValley%2B_%2BFinancial%2BTimes.pdf)
> New start-up aims to create commercial quantum computer within 5 years
[Stu Aaron](https://www.crunchbase.com/person/stu-aaron#section-overview) and [
[Xanadu Raises 32M Series A to Bring Photonic Quantum Computing to the Cloud](https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/xanadu-raises-32m-series-a-to-bring-photonic-quantum-computing-to-the-cloud-300873285.html)
- topological qubit and [computer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_quantum_computer)
[Developing a topological qubit](https://cloudblogs.microsoft.com/quantum/2018/09/06/developing-a-topological-qubit/) and [Stability and scale with a topological qubit](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/quantum/topological-qubit) - Microsoft
- quantum time crystals
Intro - [Physicists create time crystals: New form of matter may hold key to developing quantum machines](https://phys.org/news/2017-04-physicists-crystals-key-quantum-machines.html) and [Physicists unveil new form of matter—time crystals](https://phys.org/news/2017-01-physicists-unveil-mattertime-crystals.html)
## efforts by countries
- China
[Hardware startups- Hacking Shenzhen](https://www.economist.com/special-report/2014/01/16/hacking-shenzhen)
Why southern China is the best place in the world for a hardware innovator to be
[HAX is a two-stage program that starts in Shenzhen and finishes in San Francisco](https://hax.co/how-it-works/)