A nonempty finite list is dependent iff one vector is a linear combination of the others. Given a nontrivial relation, choose $c_j\ne0$ and solve $v_j=-\sum_{i\ne j}(c_i/c_j)v_i$. Conversely, move such a combination to one side to obtain a nontrivial relation. For a one-vector list, the other vectors span $\{0\}$.
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